A study conducted by researchers at Auburn University has found that couples who sleep in physically closer positions experience lower stress levels and stronger emotional connections, according to a recent study published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. The research, which analyzed data from 143 heterosexual couples, explored the relationship between physical closeness during sleep, perceived stress, attachment insecurity, and sleep disturbances. The findings reveal that partners who assume physically closer positions at bedtime are indirectly linked with reduced stress levels and lower levels of relational insecurity.
While the study found that cuddling did not significantly improve sleep quality, it did highlight the potential for physical closeness to enhance emotional well-being. Wendy Troxel, PhD — a RAND Corporation senior behavioral specialist and licensed clinical psychologist — emphasized the importance of shared time and physical touch in fostering emotional security. “The simple act of cuddling before sleep likely triggers powerful psychological and physiological responses, such as increased emotional security and the release of oxytocin — the ‘bonding hormone’ associated with intimacy,” she explained.
The study also noted that the majority of couples sleep in the same position as their partner, with 36.3% of participants reporting no physical contact. Among those who did engage in some form of physical closeness, common sleeping positions included back-to-back contact, arm or leg touching, spooning, intertwining, and face-to-face sleeping. Study co-author Josh R. Novak, PhD, highlighted that the more physically close couples are, the greater the sense of relational safety and lower stress levels.
Novak further explained that non-sexual physical affection, particularly full-body contact, may offer significant emotional and relational benefits. “My study suggests that cuddling with a partner can be both a barometer of how a relationship is doing and a way to maintain or repair a relationship, as well as lower stress levels,” he said. The researchers caution that further studies are needed to explore the exact duration and frequency of cuddling, as well as its long-term effects on relationships and mental health.
Despite these insights, the study did not investigate the duration of physical contact or how it affects the entire night’s sleep. Novak suggested that while most couples may only cuddle briefly, there could be exceptions for those who engage in prolonged physical closeness. He added that cuddling can serve as a nonverbal way to feel secure and safe, particularly in times of stress or unresolved conflict. “In the face of conflict during the day that is not solved or repaired, cuddling might be a way to start that process and move toward repair,” he concluded.