Knee Pain Increasing in Young Adults: Obesity and Intense Sports as Key Factors
Knee pain is becoming increasingly common among younger adults, particularly those in their 30s and 40s, due to rising obesity rates and participation in high-intensity sports. Dr. Ran Schwarzkopf of NYU highlights the growing trend, citing data from the Department of Health and Human Services showing a 240% surge in inpatient knee replacements for this age group between 2000 and 2017. New research underscores that structural knee changes often begin in early adulthood, with obesity being a primary factor.
A recent study published in the journal Osteoarthritis and Cartilage found that early structural changes in the knees are common by age 30, often occurring without symptoms. Researchers from Finland’s University of Oulu identified joint damage in more than half of participants, who were mostly asymptomatic. The findings include minor articular cartilage defects, particularly between the kneecap and thigh bone, and small bone spurs in a significant portion of the group. These changes are largely linked to higher body mass index (BMI), with over 40% of U.S. adults classified as obese.
Dr. Schwarzkopf attributes the rise in knee issues to the combination of increased BMI and the intensity of athletic participation in high school and college. He emphasized that traumatic injuries from sports may continue to worsen over time, leading to conditions like osteoarthritis and, in severe cases, the need for knee replacement as the ultimate treatment. Prevention strategies include maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise to strengthen surrounding muscles, and proper footwear. Those experiencing persistent pain should seek orthopedic care for potential treatments like physical therapy or arthroscopic surgery.
Experts warn that while early intervention is possible, the long-term impact of obesity and high-intensity sports on knee health underscores the need for proactive measures. The growing prevalence of knee pain among young adults highlights a shift in public health concerns, emphasizing the importance of lifestyle choices in mitigating joint-related issues.