Archaeologists in Israel have recently uncovered a 1,600-year-old Samaritan estate in Kafr Qasim, revealing a wealth of historical and cultural insights into the ancient Samaritan community. The discovery, made by the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA), has been highlighted as a significant archaeological find. The estate, located in the central region of the country, is believed to have belonged to a long-standing Samaritan community that thrived from the 4th to the late 7th century A.D.
The site, part of the Khirbet Kafr Ḥatta archaeological site, is considered by some to be the birthplace of Menander of Samaria, a disciple of Simon Magus, mentioned in the Book of Acts. The findings include a magnificent mosaic floor, adorned with acanthus leaves and rare depictions of fruits and vegetables such as grapes, dates, watermelons, artichokes, and asparagus. These artifacts are indicative of the sophisticated artistry and cultural practices of the Samaritan community during the Roman and Byzantine periods.
Among the notable artifacts, the estate has revealed a Koine Greek mosaic with a message to the owner, which includes a partial inscription wishing the owner good luck. The inscription, though incomplete, provides a glimpse into the personal life and aspirations of the estate’s former occupants. Additionally, archaeological teams discovered an olive press and a mikveh, or purification bath, indicating the estate’s role in both agricultural and spiritual practices. The olive press further suggests that the site was repurposed for oil production, likely in connection with the Samaritan Revolts under Byzantine rule.
Excavation director Daniel Leahy Griswold noted that the estate’s survival is remarkable, as many other Samaritan sites were destroyed during the revolts. The continued use of the estate and the preservation of its Samaritan identity, as evidenced by the ceramic oil-lamps found, highlight the community’s resilience and adaptability. Alla Nagorsky, another excavation director, described the site as ‘fascinating,’ emphasizing its role in reconstructing the history of the Samaritan community over centuries and enriching our understanding of their existence in ancient times.