Testosterone therapy is increasingly being prescribed for men experiencing symptoms of low testosterone, yet experts warn of the potential health risks associated with its use. While the hormone can offer benefits such as increased energy and strength, it also poses dangers like heightened risks of stroke, heart disease, and prostate complications. A recent episode of the hit Hulu series *Only Murders in the Building* highlighted the popularity of testosterone therapy among aging men, with star Steve Martin’s character showcasing newfound strength, raising questions about its real-world effectiveness. Medical professionals advise that testosterone replacement should be reserved for those with diagnosed deficiencies, emphasizing the need for careful evaluation and monitoring to avoid unnecessary side effects. With testosterone prescriptions tripling in recent years, experts caution against overuse without clear medical justification, urging men to consider lifestyle modifications first before seeking hormone therapy.
According to Dr. Petar Bajic, chair of the American Urological Association’s public media committee and director of men’s health at Cleveland Clinic, testosterone is primarily produced in the testicles, with a smaller portion from the adrenal glands. As men age, testosterone production naturally declines, affecting nearly 10% of men over 50. While low testosterone can lead to symptoms like fatigue, reduced muscle mass, and increased body fat, these can often be mistaken for other health conditions, complicating diagnosis. Dr. Tanya Munger, a nurse practitioner specializing in endocrinology at Duke University, notes that many men seek testing without clear symptoms, leading to potential overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment.
Testosterone therapy options range from gels and injections to implants, but these should be used only when symptoms point to a deficiency. Dr. Susan Spratt, an endocrinologist at Duke, highlights that testosterone can increase red blood cell counts, which may be beneficial for those with anemia but can increase stroke and clotting risks if levels are too high. Additionally, testosterone may exacerbate prostate issues, including enlargement and cancer growth in men already diagnosed with the disease. Experts warn that the therapy should not be used to enhance performance or vitality, as it is intended to restore normal hormone levels in deficient individuals.
The surge in testosterone prescriptions, with up to a third of men starting therapy without clear medical need, has raised concerns among medical professionals. Routine screening for testosterone levels in the absence of symptoms is not recommended, as it can lead to overmedication. Preventive strategies, including a healthy diet, limited alcohol consumption, and regular physical activity, are encouraged to maintain testosterone levels naturally. With the rising use of hormone therapy, ongoing research into its long-term effects remains critical to ensuring that men receive the most effective and safest treatments for their condition.