China’s control over critical supply chains poses a significant threat to U.S. national security in emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and biotechnology. The article highlights the risks of relying on Chinese suppliers for essential materials and components, urging the U.S. to secure its economic and technological sovereignty through domestic production and strategic partnerships.
Rare earths, which are essential for many advanced technologies, have already been a source of tension between the U.S. and China. During President Donald Trump’s recent visit to Asia, he had to de-escalate a rare earth dispute, underscoring the strategic importance of these resources. However, the issues go far beyond rare earths. As the U.S. adopts tomorrow’s technologies, the reliance on Chinese supply chains could become a major vulnerability. The article outlines how China’s control over these supply chains could potentially grant it leverage over the U.S. economy.
The three technologies that are particularly critical to America’s national security are artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and biotechnology. The U.S. leadership in AI, for instance, depends on access to specialized chemicals, printed circuit boards, and networking devices from China. Similarly, China controls critical inputs for quantum computing, including cooling equipment, precision lasers, and essential minerals. Moreover, the article mentions that China is the sole supplier of at least one critical ingredient for more than a third of nearly 2,000 U.S.-approved medicines, including amoxicillin, which is one of the most widely prescribed antibiotics.
To counter these risks, the U.S. can leverage its strengths in the private sector, research and development spending, and capital markets. However, the article calls for more creative incentives to unleash these advantages and secure the country’s technological and economic independence. The Task Force on Economic Security proposes measures such as incentivizing domestic production of key inputs for semiconductors, data centers, and essential materials for quantum computing and biotechnology.
The report also suggests the need for government action to mobilize private investment in emerging technologies like quantum computing and biotechnology. This includes using procurement power and contracting milestones to create demand for quantum computers and incentivizing investments in biomanufacturing hubs. Additionally, the U.S. government should look to trusted allies for essential resources, such as the recent agreement with Australia on critical minerals.
The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of establishing an Economic Security Center to improve government coordination, enhance technical expertise, and deepen partnerships with the private sector. With bipartisan support and a clear understanding of the risks, the U.S. must take decisive steps to secure its technological future and maintain its competitive edge in the global race for innovation.