U.S. officials and lawmakers have raised alarms over Iran’s expanding influence in Africa, warning of ‘significant threats to U.S. national security.’ The State Department and Senate Foreign Relations Chairman Jim Risch have joined analysts in highlighting Iran’s alleged activities, including uranium acquisition in Niger, drone sales to Sudan, and the promotion of Islamist fundamentalism across the continent. These actions, they argue, pose risks to global stability and U.S. interests.
Recent reports suggest that Niger may be selling up to $56 million worth of uranium to Iran, with some shipments already delivered. This could potentially provide enough material for 30 nuclear weapons. Analysts note that Niger’s military leaders, who came to power in a 2023 coup, have revoked mining licenses and pledged to nationalize operations, possibly to allow Iran to start uranium mining in the country. This move has also led Niger to end its agreement with the Biden administration, marking a turn toward Russia and Iran.
Iran’s alleged supply of drones to Sudan has also drawn scrutiny, with these drones reportedly used in recent battles to reclaim Khartoum and the presidential palace. The State Department has expressed concerns about the impact of these arms sales on regional stability, urging an end to external support for the warring parties. Additionally, Iran’s strategy includes psychological warfare through religious indoctrination, aiming to radicalize Muslim communities and create tensions against Western interests. Analysts describe this as a comprehensive approach to expand Iran’s influence while operating under the radar.
Experts suggest that Iran’s African strategy has three main components: providing material and training to extremist groups to export terrorism, identifying and radicalizing Shia and Sunni communities against the West, and deepening diplomatic and economic ties with African nations to evade sanctions. Recent events, such as the conference in Tehran attended by over 700 delegates from nearly 40 African countries, highlight the extent of Iran’s engagement on the continent. The U.S. continues to monitor these developments, emphasizing the need for caution and a coordinated response to counter the perceived threats.