Scientists have demonstrated that dental floss can effectively deliver vaccines, such as flu and mRNA, without needles by targeting the tissue between teeth and gums in laboratory tests. The method, developed by researchers at Texas Tech University and the University of North Carolina, shows promise in stimulating antibody production on mucosal surfaces, potentially enhancing immunity against pathogens like influenza and the flu virus. Published in *Nature Biomedical Engineering*, the study highlights the potential of this non-invasive technique to improve vaccine accessibility and patient compliance.
A groundbreaking study led by researchers at Texas Tech University and the University of North Carolina has revealed that dental floss can deliver vaccines, including flu, protein, and mRNA vaccines, through the tissue between teeth and gums. The research, published in the journal *Nature Biomedical Engineering*, indicates that this method could significantly enhance immune responses by stimulating antibody production on mucosal surfaces, such as the lining of the nose and lungs. This non-needle vaccination approach, which uses the junctional epithelium—a thin layer of tissue between teeth and gums—may offer a faster, less painful alternative to traditional injections. The findings also suggest that this technique could be comparable in cost to existing immunization methods. While the method shows promise, challenges remain, including limitations for individuals without teeth and the need for further research into potential side effects and efficacy compared to conventional vaccines.
According to the study, researchers tested the effectiveness of floss-delivered vaccines on lab mice, comparing immune responses to nasal and oral delivery methods. They found that the flossing technique produced stronger antibody responses on mucosal surfaces than oral delivery. Co-author Harvinder Singh Gill emphasized the importance of mucosal immunity for preventing infections, as pathogens often enter the body through these surfaces. The researchers also noted that the method could potentially address concerns many people have about needle injections, making it more accessible to a broader population. However, further human trials using floss picks—easier to hold—will be necessary to confirm its effectiveness and safety. While the method has the potential to revolutionize vaccine administration, challenges such as the impact of gum disease on vaccine efficacy and the need for more clinical data remain. The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health and funds from the Whitacre Endowed Chair in Science and Engineering at Texas Tech University.