Scientists from Flinders University in Adelaide, South Australia, have conducted a pioneering study to test the effectiveness of bite-resistant wetsuit materials in reducing the impact of shark attacks. The research, published in the journal Wildlife Research, involved four different materials—Aqua Armour, Shark Stop, ActionTX-S, and Brewster—being subjected to the powerful bite of white and tiger sharks, the species most commonly associated with unprovoked attacks. The findings suggest that these materials significantly reduce the severity of injuries, potentially saving lives by minimizing blood loss and critical trauma.
The study, led by Dr. Thomas Clarke of Flinders University’s College of Science and Engineering, highlights that while the materials do not eliminate the risk entirely, they offer an important layer of protection. The researchers noted that most shark attacks involve a ‘bite and release’ mechanism, where victims often die from blood loss rather than being consumed. By focusing on protecting areas such as major arteries, the wetsuits aim to buy critical time for victims to reach safety and receive medical assistance.
Professor Charlie Huveneers, who leads the Southern Shark Ecology Group at Flinders University, emphasized that the study’s results provide a compelling argument for the inclusion of these materials in the broader strategy for mitigating shark bite risks. He stated that the findings indicate a substantial reduction in severe wounds and blood loss, which could be life-saving for those who encounter sharks in their natural habitats.
Despite the advancements, the researchers acknowledged that traditional materials, such as chainmail wetsuits, are less practical for activities like surfing and diving due to their rigidity. The new materials, which utilize ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene—a fiber commonly used in sailing ropes—offer a balance of flexibility and strength, making them more suitable for recreational use.
While shark attacks remain relatively rare, with fewer than 50 unprovoked incidents reported globally last year, the research underscores the importance of innovation in marine safety. The study also draws attention to the frequency of attacks in the U.S., particularly in Florida, where the majority of incidents occurred. The development of these wetsuits represents a significant step forward in the ongoing efforts to enhance human safety in shark-populated waters.