Apple has filed a constitutional challenge against a new Indian antitrust law that could result in a potential $38 billion fine if the company is found guilty of abuse of market dominance. The law, enacted in 2022, allows the Competition Commission of India (CCI) to calculate penalties based on a company’s global revenue, a practice that Apple argues is arbitrary and unconstitutional. The dispute centers on allegations that Apple improperly used its dominant position in the app ecosystem by requiring developers to use its in-app purchase system, which has been a long-standing point of contention. The Indian government introduced the revised antitrust rules to align with international standards for penalizing tech firms, and the proposed fine of 10% of global revenue could significantly impact Apple’s financial standing if upheld. Apple is now seeking intervention from India’s Delhi High Court, arguing that the CCI’s use of the new penalty law in an unrelated case—where a violation occurred a decade ago—sets a dangerous precedent. The company warned that such retroactive penalties could discourage innovation and investment in the country. The case has also drawn support from Match, the parent company of Tinder, which previously faced a similar penalty under the new law. Match’s backing of the high fine proposal suggests that the company sees the measure as a necessary deterrent against antitrust violations. Despite the potential financial risks, Apple’s legal team is confident in its argument, claiming that the CCI’s approach violates the principles of proportionality and fairness. The court is expected to hear Apple’s plea on December 3, and the outcome could influence future antitrust enforcement in India and beyond.